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  Plantae
      Magnoliophyta
         Eudicots
             Core Eudicots
               Rosids
               Fabids
                    Rosales
                            Rhamnaceae
                                     Adolphia
                                             Adolphia californica
                                             Adolphia infesta
                                                   [Ceanothus infesta]
                                     Alphitonia
                                             Alphitonia excelsa
                                                   [Colubrina excelsa]
                                             Alphitonia ponderosa
                                                   [Alphitonia ponderosa var. auwahiensis]
                                                   [Alphitonia ponderosa var. costata]
                                                   [Alphitonia ponderosa var. grandifolia]
                                                   [Alphitonia ponderosa var. kauila]
                                                   [Alphitonia ponderosa var. lanaiensis]
                                     Auerodendron
                                             Auerodendron pauciflorum
                                     Banisteria
                                             Banisteria diversifolia
                                             Banisteria emarginata
                                             Banisteria floribunda
                                             Banisteria laurifolia
                                             Banisteria lucida
                                             Banisteria ovata
                                             Banisteria pubera
                                             Banisteria purpurea
                                             Banisteria wydleriana
                                     Berchemia
                                             Berchemia scandens
                                     Ceanothus
                                             Ceanothus X arcuatus
                                             Ceanothus X bakeri
                                             Ceanothus X delileanus
                                             Ceanothus X flexilis
                                             Ceanothus X lobbianus
                                             Ceanothus X lorenzenii
                                                   [Ceanothus velutinus var. lorenzenii]
                                             Ceanothus X mendocinensis
                                             Ceanothus X otayensis
                                             Ceanothus X pallidus
                                             Ceanothus X regius
                                             Ceanothus X rugosus
                                             Ceanothus X serrulatus
                                             Ceanothus X vanrensselaeri
                                             Ceanothus X veitchianus
                                             Ceanothus americanus
                                                   [Ceanothus americanus var. intermedius]
                                                   [Ceanothus americanus var. pitcheri]
                                                   [Ceanothus intermedius]
                                             Ceanothus arboreus
                                                   [Ceanothus arboreus var. glabra]
                                             Ceanothus austromontanus
                                             Ceanothus confusus
                                                   [Ceanothus divergens ssp. confusus]
                                                   [Ceanothus prostratus ssp. confusus]
                                             Ceanothus connivens
                                             Ceanothus cordulatus
                                             Ceanothus crassifolius
                                                   [Ceanothus crassifolius var. planus]
                                             Ceanothus cuneatus
                                               Ceanothus cuneatus var. cuneatus
                                                     [Ceanothus cuneatus ssp. cuneatus]
                                                     [Ceanothus cuneatus var. dubius]
                                                     [Ceanothus cuneatus var. submontanus]
                                                     [Ceanothus ramulosus]
                                               Ceanothus cuneatus var. fascicularis
                                                     [Ceanothus cuneatus ssp. fascicularis]
                                                     [Ceanothus ramulosus var. fascicularis]
                                               Ceanothus cuneatus var. rigidus
                                                     [Ceanothus cuneatus ssp. rigidus]
                                                     [Ceanothus rigidus var. albus]
                                                     [Ceanothus rigidus]
                                             Ceanothus cyaneus
                                             Ceanothus dentatus
                                                   [Ceanothus dentatus var. floribundus]
                                             Ceanothus divergens
                                                   [Ceanothus purpureus ssp. divergens]
                                             Ceanothus diversifolius
                                                   [Ceanothus decumbens]
                                             Ceanothus fendleri
                                                   [Ceanothus fendleri var. venosus]
                                                   [Ceanothus fendleri var. viridis]
                                                   [Ceanothus subsericeus]
                                             Ceanothus ferrisiae
                                                   [Ceanothus ferrisae]
                                             Ceanothus foliosus
                                               Ceanothus foliosus var. foliosus
                                                     [Ceanothus austromontanus]
                                                     [Ceanothus dentatus var. dickeyi]
                                                     [Ceanothus foliosus ssp. foliosus]
                                               Ceanothus foliosus var. medius
                                                     [Ceanothus foliosus ssp. medius]
                                               Ceanothus foliosus var. vineatus
                                                     [Ceanothus foliosus ssp. vineatus]
                                             Ceanothus fresnensis
                                             Ceanothus gloriosus
                                               Ceanothus gloriosus var. exaltatus
                                                     [Ceanothus gloriosus ssp. exaltatus]
                                               Ceanothus gloriosus var. gloriosus
                                                     [Ceanothus gloriosus ssp. gloriosus]
                                                     [Ceanothus prostratus var. grandiflorus]
                                                     [Ceanothus rigidus var. grandiflorus]
                                               Ceanothus gloriosus var. porrectus
                                                     [Ceanothus gloriosus ssp. porrectus]
                                             Ceanothus greggii
                                               Ceanothus greggii var. franklinii
                                               Ceanothus greggii var. greggii
                                                     [Ceanothus greggii ssp. greggii]
                                                     [Ceanothus greggii var. orbiculatus]
                                               Ceanothus greggii var. perplexans
                                                     [Ceanothus greggii ssp. perplexans]
                                                     [Ceanothus perplexans]
                                               Ceanothus greggii var. vestitus
                                                     [Ceanothus greggii ssp. vestitus]
                                                     [Ceanothus vestitus]
                                             Ceanothus griseus
                                                   [Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis]
                                             Ceanothus hearstiorum
                                             Ceanothus herbaceus
                                                   [Ceanothus herbaceus var. pubescens]
                                                   [Ceanothus ovatus var. pubescens]
                                                   [Ceanothus ovatus]
                                                   [Ceanothus pubescens]
                                             Ceanothus impressus
                                               Ceanothus impressus var. impressus
                                               Ceanothus impressus var. nipomensis
                                             Ceanothus incanus
                                             Ceanothus infesta
                                             Ceanothus insularis
                                             Ceanothus integerrimus
                                                   [Ceanothus andersonii]
                                                   [Ceanothus californicus]
                                                   [Ceanothus integerrimus var. californicus]
                                                   [Ceanothus integerrimus var. macrothyrsus]
                                                   [Ceanothus integerrimus var. puberulus]
                                             Ceanothus jepsonii
                                               Ceanothus jepsonii var. albiflorus
                                                     [Ceanothus jepsonii ssp. albiflorus]
                                               Ceanothus jepsonii var. jepsonii
                                                     [Ceanothus jepsonii ssp. jepsonii]
                                             Ceanothus lemmonii
                                             Ceanothus leucodermis
                                             Ceanothus maritimus
                                             Ceanothus martinii
                                             Ceanothus masonii
                                                   [Ceanothus gloriosus ssp. masonii]
                                             Ceanothus megacarpus
                                               Ceanothus megacarpus var. insularis
                                                     [Ceanothus insularis]
                                                     [Ceanothus megacarpus ssp. insularis]
                                               Ceanothus megacarpus var. megacarpus
                                                     [Ceanothus megacarpus ssp. megacarpus]
                                                     [Ceanothus megacarpus var. pendulus]
                                             Ceanothus microphyllus
                                             Ceanothus oliganthus
                                                   [Ceanothus divaricatus]
                                                   [Ceanothus hirsutus]
                                                   [Ceanothus oliganthus ssp. oliganthus]
                                                   [Ceanothus oliganthus var. oliganthus]
                                                   [Ceanothus oliganthus var. orcuttii]
                                                   [Ceanothus orcuttii]
                                             Ceanothus ophiochilus
                                             Ceanothus palmeri
                                                   [Ceanothus spinosus var. palmeri]
                                             Ceanothus papillosus
                                               Ceanothus papillosus var. papillosus
                                                     [Ceanothus X regius]
                                                     [Ceanothus papillosus ssp. papillosus]
                                                     [Ceanothus papillosus ssp. regius]
                                               Ceanothus papillosus var. roweanus
                                                     [Ceanothus papillosus ssp. roweanus]
                                             Ceanothus parryi
                                             Ceanothus parvifolius
                                             Ceanothus perplexans
                                             Ceanothus pinetorum
                                             Ceanothus prostratus
                                                   [Ceanothus divergens ssp. occidentalis]
                                                   [Ceanothus prostratus ssp. prostratus]
                                                   [Ceanothus prostratus var. laxus]
                                                   [Ceanothus prostratus var. occidentalis]
                                             Ceanothus pumilus
                                                   [Ceanothus X humboldtensis]
                                                   [Ceanothus prostratus ssp. pumilus]
                                             Ceanothus purpureus
                                                   [Ceanothus jepsonii var. purpureus]
                                                   [Ceanothus purpureus ssp. purpureus]
                                             Ceanothus ramulosus
                                             Ceanothus rigidus
                                             Ceanothus roderickii
                                             Ceanothus sanguineus
                                                   [Ceanothus oreganus]
                                             Ceanothus serpyllifolius
                                             Ceanothus sonomensis
                                                   [Ceanothus cuneatus ssp. sonomensis]
                                             Ceanothus sorediatus
                                                   [Ceanothus intricatus]
                                                   [Ceanothus oliganthus ssp. sorediatus]
                                                   [Ceanothus oliganthus var. sorediatus]
                                             Ceanothus spinosus
                                             Ceanothus thyrsiflorus
                                                   [Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. repens]
                                             Ceanothus tomentosus
                                                   [Ceanothus tomentosus ssp. olivaceus]
                                                   [Ceanothus tomentosus var. olivaceus]
                                             Ceanothus velutinus
                                               Ceanothus velutinus var. hookeri
                                                     [Ceanothus velutinus ssp. hookeri]
                                                     [Ceanothus velutinus var. laevigatus]
                                               Ceanothus velutinus var. velutinus
                                                     [Ceanothus velutinus ssp. velutinus]
                                             Ceanothus verrucosus
                                             Ceanothus vestitus
                                     Colletia
                                             Colletia spinosissima
                                                   [Colletia spinosa]
                                     Colubrina
                                             Colubrina arborescens
                                                   [Colubrina colubrina]
                                             Colubrina asiatica
                                             Colubrina californica
                                                   [Colubrina texensis var. californica]
                                             Colubrina cubensis
                                               Colubrina cubensis var. floridana
                                             Colubrina elliptica
                                                   [Colubrina reclinata]
                                             Colubrina glandulosa
                                               Colubrina glandulosa var. antillana
                                                     [Colubrina rufa var. antillana]
                                             Colubrina greggii
                                                   [Colubrina greggii var. greggii]
                                                   [Colubrina greggii var. yucatanensis]
                                             Colubrina oppositifolia
                                             Colubrina rufa
                                             Colubrina stricta
                                             Colubrina texensis
                                               Colubrina texensis var. pedunculata
                                               Colubrina texensis var. texensis
                                             Colubrina verrucosa
                                                   [Colubrina urbanii]
                                                   [Hybosperma spinosum]
                                     Condalia
                                             Condalia correllii
                                             Condalia ericoides
                                                   [Microrhamnus ericoides]
                                             Condalia globosa
                                               Condalia globosa var. pubescens
                                             Condalia hookeri
                                               Condalia hookeri var. edwardsiana
                                               Condalia hookeri var. hookeri
                                                     [Condalia obovata]
                                             Condalia lycioides
                                             Condalia mexicana
                                             Condalia obovata
                                             Condalia obtusifolia
                                             Condalia spathulata
                                             Condalia velutina
                                             Condalia viridis
                                             Condalia warnockii
                                               Condalia warnockii var. kearneyana
                                               Condalia warnockii var. warnockii
                                     Condaliopsis
                                             Condaliopsis lycioides
                                     Frangula
                                             Frangula alnus
                                               Frangula alnus var. asplenifolia
                                             Frangula rubra
                                     Gouania
                                             Gouania hillebrandii
                                                   [Gouania cucullata]
                                                   [Gouania faurieri]
                                                   [Gouania lydgatei]
                                                   [Gouania mannii]
                                                   [Gouania pilata]
                                                   [Gouania remyi]
                                                   [Gouania sandwichiana]
                                                   [Gouania thinophila]
                                             Gouania lupuloides
                                                   [Banisteria lupuloides]
                                             Gouania meyenii
                                                   [Gouania gagnei]
                                                   [Gouania oliveri]
                                             Gouania polygama
                                             Gouania vitifolia
                                                   [Gouania bishopii]
                                                   [Gouania hawaiiensis]
                                     Hovenia
                                             Hovenia dulcis
                                     Hybosperma
                                     Karwinskia
                                             Karwinskia humboldtiana
                                     Krugiodendron
                                             Krugiodendron ferreum
                                                   [Rhamnus ferreus]
                                     Maesopsis
                                             Maesopsis eminii
                                     Microrhamnus
                                     Paliurus
                                             Paliurus spina-christi
                                                   [Rhamnus paliurus]
                                     Reynosia
                                             Reynosia guama
                                             Reynosia krugii
                                             Reynosia septentrionalis
                                             Reynosia uncinata
                                     Rhamnus
                                           [Frangula]
                                             Rhamnus X spathulifolia
                                             Rhamnus alaternus
                                             Rhamnus alnifolia
                                             Rhamnus arguta
                                               Rhamnus arguta var. velutina
                                             Rhamnus betulifolia
                                                   [Frangula betulifolia]
                                               Rhamnus betulifolia var. betulifolia
                                                     [Frangula betulifolia ssp. betulifolia]
                                               Rhamnus betulifolia var. obovata
                                                     [Frangula betulifolia ssp. obovata]
                                             Rhamnus blumeri
                                                   [Frangula X blumeri]
                                             Rhamnus californica
                                                   [Frangula californica]
                                               Rhamnus californica ssp. californica
                                                     [Frangula californica ssp. californica]
                                               Rhamnus californica ssp. crassifolia
                                                     [Frangula californica ssp. crassifolia]
                                                     [Rhamnus tomentella ssp. crassifolia]
                                               Rhamnus californica ssp. cuspidata
                                                     [Frangula californica ssp. cuspidata]
                                                     [Rhamnus tomentella ssp. cuspidata]
                                               Rhamnus californica ssp. occidentalis
                                                     [Frangula californica ssp. occidentalis]
                                                     [Rhamnus californica var. occidentalis]
                                               Rhamnus californica ssp. tomentella
                                                     [Frangula californica ssp. tomentella]
                                                     [Rhamnus tomentella ssp. tomentella]
                                                     [Rhamnus tomentella]
                                               Rhamnus californica ssp. ursina
                                                     [Frangula californica ssp. ursina]
                                                     [Rhamnus californica var. ursima]
                                                     [Rhamnus californica var. ursina]
                                                     [Rhamnus tomentella ssp. ursina]
                                             Rhamnus caroliniana
                                                   [Frangula caroliniana]
                                                   [Rhamnus caroliniana var. mollis]
                                             Rhamnus cathartica
                                             Rhamnus citrifolia
                                             Rhamnus crocea
                                               Rhamnus crocea ssp. crocea
                                               Rhamnus crocea ssp. insula
                                                     [Rhamnus insula]
                                               Rhamnus crocea ssp. pilosa
                                                     [Rhamnus pilosa]
                                             Rhamnus davurica
                                               Rhamnus davurica ssp. davurica
                                                     [Rhamnus citrifolia]
                                                     [Rhamnus davurica var. davurica]
                                               Rhamnus davurica ssp. nipponica
                                                     [Rhamnus davurica var. nipponica]
                                             Rhamnus ferreus
                                             Rhamnus frangula
                                                   [Frangula alnus]
                                                   [Rhamnus frangula var. angustifolia]
                                             Rhamnus globosa
                                                   [Rhamnus chlorophora]
                                                   [Rhamnus globosus]
                                             Rhamnus ilicifolia
                                                   [Rhamnus crocea ssp. ilicifolia]
                                                   [Rhamnus crocea var. ilicifolia]
                                             Rhamnus insula
                                             Rhamnus japonica
                                             Rhamnus lanceolata
                                               Rhamnus lanceolata ssp. glabrata
                                                     [Rhamnus lanceolata var. glabrata]
                                               Rhamnus lanceolata ssp. lanceolata
                                                     [Rhamnus lanceolata var. lanceolata]
                                             Rhamnus libanotica
                                             Rhamnus lycioides
                                               Rhamnus lycioides ssp. oleoides
                                                     [Rhamnus oleoides]
                                             Rhamnus minutiflora
                                             Rhamnus oleoides
                                             Rhamnus paliurus
                                             Rhamnus petiolaris
                                             Rhamnus pilosa
                                             Rhamnus pirifolia
                                                   [Rhamnus crocea ssp. pirifolia]
                                                   [Rhamnus crocea var. pirifolia]
                                                   [Rhamnus insularis]
                                             Rhamnus purshiana
                                                   [Frangula purshiana ssp. annonifolia]
                                                   [Frangula purshiana ssp. ultramafica]
                                                   [Frangula purshiana]
                                             Rhamnus rubra
                                               Rhamnus rubra ssp. modocensis
                                                     [Frangula rubra ssp. modocensis]
                                               Rhamnus rubra ssp. nevadensis
                                                     [Frangula rubra ssp. nevadensis]
                                               Rhamnus rubra ssp. obtusissima
                                                     [Frangula rubra ssp. obtusissima]
                                               Rhamnus rubra ssp. rubra
                                                     [Frangula rubra ssp. rubra]
                                                     [Frangula rubra]
                                               Rhamnus rubra ssp. yosemitana
                                                     [Frangula rubra ssp. yosemitana]
                                             Rhamnus saxatilis
                                                   [Rhamnus infectoria]
                                             Rhamnus serrata
                                                   [Rhamnus fasciculata]
                                                   [Rhamnus smithii ssp. fasciculata]
                                             Rhamnus smithii
                                                   [Rhamnus smithi]
                                                   [Rhamnus smithii ssp. typica]
                                             Rhamnus sphaerosperma
                                                   [Frangula sphaerosperma]
                                               Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. longipes
                                                     [Frangula sphaerosperma ssp. longipes]
                                             Rhamnus tinctoria
                                             Rhamnus tomentella
                                             Rhamnus utilis
                                     Sageretia
                                             Sageretia minutiflora
                                                   [Rhamnus minutiflora]
                                             Sageretia thea
                                             Sageretia wrightii
                                     Sarcomphalus
                                     Smythea
                                             Smythea lanceata
                                     Ziziphus
                                             Ziziphus celata
                                             Ziziphus jujuba
                                                   [Ziziphus zizyphus]
                                             Ziziphus lotus
                                             Ziziphus mauritiana
                                             Ziziphus nummularia
                                             Ziziphus obtusifolia
                                               Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens
                                                     [Condalia lycioides var. canescens]
                                                     [Condaliopsis lycioides var. canescens]
                                               Ziziphus obtusifolia var. obtusifolia
                                                     [Condalia lycioides]
                                                     [Condalia obtusifolia]
                                                     [Condaliopsis lycioides]
                                             Ziziphus parryi
                                                   [Condalia parryi]
                                                   [Condaliopsis parryi]
                                                   [Ziziphus parryi var. parryi]
                                             Ziziphus reticulata
                                                   [Sarcomphalus reticulatus]
                                             Ziziphus rignonii
                                                   [Sarcomphalus domingensis]
                                             Ziziphus taylorii
                                                   [Sarcomphalus taylorii]